Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysisa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | (95 % CI) | P value | OR | (95 % CI) | P value | |
SES | ||||||
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Medium | 1.36 | (1.12–1.65) | 0.002 | 1.28 | (1.04–1.58) | 0.022 |
High | 1.82 | (1.42–2.33) | <0.001 | 1.48 | (1.13–1.95) | 0.004 |
Patient characteristics | ||||||
Age (years) | ||||||
18–29 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
30–39 | 1.14 | (0.90–1.43) | 0.281 | 0.83 | (0.65–1.07) | 0.157 |
40–49 | 0.93 | (0.65–1.33) | 0.705 | 0.79 | (0.55–1.12) | 0.184 |
≥ 50 | 0.78 | (0.41–1.50) | 0.463 | 0.71 | (0.32–1.57) | 0.401 |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Female | 0.95 | (0.74–1.24) | 0.727 | 0.87 | (0.66–1.15) | 0.332 |
Geographic location | ||||||
Northern | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Central | 1.19 | (0.61–2.34) | 0.611 | 1.97 | (1.23–3.16) | 0.005 |
Southern | 1.14 | (0.56–2.34) | 0.714 | 2.72 | (1.42–5.20) | 0.002 |
Eastern | 0.42 | (0.14–1.21) | 0.108 | 0.83 | (0.48–1.45) | 0.921 |
CCI score | ||||||
< 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
≥ 3 | 1.12 | (0.72–1.75) | 0.601 | 1.09 | (0.72–1.64) | 0.683 |
Hospital accreditation | ||||||
Medical centers | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Regional hospitals | 10.09 | (4.05–25.09) | <0.001 | 4.58 | (2.10–9.99) | <0.001 |
District hospitals | 5.15 | (2.71–20.53) | <0.001 | 7.16 | (2.07–24.79) | 0.002 |
Surgeon age (years) | 1.00 | (0.99–1.02) | 0.949 | 0.95 | (0.90–1.00) | 0.053 |
Surgeon surgical volume (cases per year) | ||||||
Low (<15) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
High (≥15) | 10.11 | (5.24–19.51) | <0.001 | 8.24 | (2.90–23.39) | <0.001 |
Year of operation | ||||||
2004 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
2005 | 0.91 | (0.46–1.78) | 0.774 | 0.73 | (0.39–1.37) | 0.326 |
2006 | 0.93 | (0.16–5.53) | 0.938 | 0.85 | (0.32–2.30) | 0.755 |
2007 | 1.53 | (0.23–10.25) | 0.66 | 1.78 | (0.67–4.71) | 0.247 |
2008 | 2.09 | (0.27–16.37) | 0.483 | 2.46 | (0.82–7.36) | 0.109 |
2009 | 2.13 | (0.31–14.89) | 0.445 | 2.62 | (0.69–9.89) | 0.156 |
2010 | 2.82 | (0.45–17.76) | 0.269 | 3.79 | (1.17–12.30) | 0.026 |
2011 | 4.86 | (0.76–31.16) | 0.096 | 8.24 | (2.59–26.18) | 0.001 |