Out-of-pocket payments in the Austrian healthcare system – a distributional analysis

Table 2 Aggregated measures of the distributive effect of total OOPP and OOPP categories

		Total OOPP	Prescription fees	OTC pharmaceuticals	Therapeutical aids	Physician services
ATP I
Gini coefficient	0.245	-	-	-	-	-
Concentration index	-	0.138	0.036	0.089	0.162	0.152
Kakwani index	-	−0.107	−0.209	−0.156	−0.083	−0.092
t = OOPP/ATP I		0.054	0.004	0.006	0.023	0.014
Reynolds–Smolensky index	-	−0.006	−0.001	−0.001	−0.002	−0.001
ATP II
Gini coefficient	0.538	-	-	-	-	-
Concentration index	-	0.093	0.044	0.045	0.109	0.086
Kakwani index	-	−0.445	−0.494	−0.492	−0.429	−0.452
t = OOPP/ATP II	-	0.121	0.008	0.013	0.052	0.031
Reynolds–Smolensky index	-	−0.061	−0.004	−0.006	−0.024	−0.015

ATP I ability to pay indicated by household net income, ATP II ability to pay indicated by household net income minus benefits from the income maintenance program, OOPP out-of-pocket payment, OTC over the counter, t share of OOPP on ATP I respectively ATP II

ISSN: 1475-9276