From: Socioeconomic inequalities in mental well-being among Hungarian adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Predictor variables | High level of need to belong | High level of loneliness | High level of psychosomatic symptoms | High level of self-esteem | High level of shyness |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Father´s schooling |  |  |  |  |  |
College/University degreea | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
High school level or below | 0.9 (0.6 - 1.4) | 1.7 (1.1 - 2.7)* | 1.4 (0.9 - 2.0) | 0.6 (0.4 - 0.9)* | 1.5 (1.0 - 2.3) |
Mother´s schooling |  |  |  |  |  |
College/University degreea | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
High school level or below | 0.9 (0.6 - 1.4) | 1.1 (0.7 - 1.6) | 0.9 (0.6 - 1.3) | 0.7 (0.4 - 0.9)* | 1.7 (1.1 - 2.6)** |
Father´s employment status |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-manuala | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Self-employed | 1.3 (0.7 - 2.2) | 1.1 (0.6 - 2.0) | 1.6 (0.9 - 2.8) | 0.8 (0.5 - 1.4) | 0.9 (0.5 - 1.6) |
Manual | 1.1 (0.7 - 1.9) | 1.6 (1.0 - 2.8) | 1.9 (1.1 - 3.2)* | 0.4 (0.3 - 0.7)*** | 2.3 (1.3 - 3.9)** |
Unemployed | 3.0 (1.2 - 7.7)* | 2.8 (1.1 - 7.6)* | 1.2 (0.5 - 2.8) | 0.4 (0.2 - 0.9)* | 1.6 (0.6 - 4.1) |
Mother´s employment status |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-manuala | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Self-employed | 0.7 (0.4 - 1.2) | 0.7 (0.4 - 1.4) | 0.8 (0.4 - 1.4) | 0.8 (0.5 - 1.5) | 0.8 (0.4 - 1.5) |
Manual | 0.8 (0.5 - 1.2) | 1.1 (0.7 - 1.8) | 1.0 (0.6 - 1.5) | 0.4 (0.2 - 0.6)*** | 1.8 (1.1 - 2.9)* |
Unemployed | 0.9 (0.5 - 1.6) | 2.2 (1.2 - 4.0)* | 1.4 (0.8 - 2.4) | 0.5 (0.3 - 0.8)** | 3.4 (1.8 - 6.5)*** |
Subjective SES | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Upper/upper-middle classa | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Middle class | 0.5 (0.3 - 1.0) | 4.2 (2.0 - 8.8)*** | 2.0 (1.0 - 3.8)* | 0.1 (0.1 - 0.3)*** | 2.8 (1.4 - 5.7)** |
Lower/lower-middle class | 0.6 (0.4 - 1.1) | 2.3 (1.4 - 3.9)** | 1.4 (0.9 - 2.4) | 0.3 (0.2 - 0.6)*** | 2.3 (1.4 - 4.0)** |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Malea | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Female | 2.1 (1.4 - 3.1)*** | 0.9 (0.6 - 1.3) | 2.6 (1.8 - 4.0)*** | 0.3 (0.2 - 0.5)*** | 1.1 (0.8 - 1.7) |
Age (cont.) | 0.9 (0.8 - 1.0)* | 1.2 (1.0 - 1.4)* | 1.0 (0.9 - 1.2) | 1.2 (1.1 - 1.4)* | 1.0 (0.8 - 1.1) |
Type of school | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Technical collegea | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Vocational education | 0.5 (0.2-1.1) | 0.9 (0.4-2.2) | 0.7 (0.3-1.6) | 3.2 (1.2-8.2)* | 1.2 (0.5-3.3) |
Grammar school | 0.8 (0.4-1.7) | 0.5 (0.2-1.6) | 0.6 (0.3-1.3) | 3.9 (1.5-9.9)** | 0.5 (0.2-1.3) |