The influence of the rural health security schemes on health utilization and household impoverishment in rural China: data from a household survey of western and central China

Table 4 Effects of health spending and different kinds of insurances on household impoverishment (N = 3333)

	Poverty Indicators
	Household in poverty n (%) (a, b)	Household impoverished by health spending (HIHS) n (%) (c, d)	HIHS prevented by schemes n (%) (e, f)	Poverty gap (%) (g)	Intensity of medical impoverishment (IMI) (%) (h)	Proportion of IMI reduced by schemes (%) (i)
Original state (Pre-payment)	374 (11.2) (a0, b0)	Reference (c0, d0)		3.5 (g0)	Reference (h0)
Post-payment
-No reimbursement	646 (19.4) (a1, b1)	272 (8.2)^† (c1, d1)	Reference (e0, f0)	7.5 (g1)	4.0^† (h1)	Reference (i0)
-Reimbursement by NRCMS	625 (18.8) (a2, b2)	251 (7.6)^† (c2, d2)	21 (7.7)^† (e1, f1)	7.1 (g2)	3.6^† (h2)	10.0^† (i1)
-Reimbursement by NRCMS + MFA	624 (18.7) (a3, b3)	250 (7.5)^† (c3, d3)	22 (8.1)^† (e2, f2)	7.1 (g3)	3.6^† (h3)	10.0^† (i2)
-Reimbursement by all insurances^Δ	624 (18.7) (a4, b4)	250 (7.5)^† (c4, d4)	22 (8.1)^† (e3, f3)	7.1 (g4)	3.6^† (h4)	10.0^† (i3)

Note: Δ: all insurances included NRCMS+MFA+private insurance
†: significant at 5%;
Examples of calculation:
b0 = (a0/N) ×100%; b1 = (a1/N) ×100%; b2 = (a2/N) ×100%; b3 = (a3/N) ×100%; b4 = (a4/N) ×100%; c1 = a1-a0; c2 = a2-a0; c3 = a3-a0; c4 = a4-a0; d1 = (c1/N) ×100%; d2 = (c2/N) ×100%; d3 = (c3/N) ×100%; d4 = (c4/N) ×100%; e1 = c2-c1; e2 = c3-c1; e3 = c4-c1; f1 = (e1/c1)×100%; f2 = (e2/c1)×100%; f3 = (e3/c1)×100%; h1 = g1-g0; h2 = g2-g0; h3 = g3-g0; h4 = g4-g0; i1 = (h2-h1)/h1×100%; i2 = (h3-h1)/h1×100%; i3 = (h4-h1)/h1×100%.

ISSN: 1475-9276