Three methods to monitor utilization of healthcare services by the poor

Table 1 Example of application of the LQAS methodology

Sample size	No. in the sample non-poor	Probability of detecting health facilities with 80% poor as adequate	Probability of detecting health facilities with 50% poor as inadequate	Provider Risk	Consumer Risk	Total classification error
(n)	(d)	(a)	(b)	(1-a)	(1-b)	(1-a)+(1-b)
8	0	0.17	1	0.83	0	0.83
	1	0.50	0.96	0.50	0.04	0.54
	2	0.79	0.83	0.21	0.17	0.38*
	3	0.94	0.64	0.06	0.36	0.42
12	0	0.07	1.00	0.93	0.00	0.93
	1	0.28	1.00	0.73	0.00	0.73
	2	0.56	0.98	0.46	0.02	0.48
	3	0.80	0.93	0.21	0.07	0.28
	4	0.93	0.81	0.07	0.19	0.27*
	5	0.98	0.61	0.02	0.39	0.41
14	0	0.04	1	0.96	0	0.96
	1	0.20	1	0.80	0	0.80
	2	0.45	0.99	0.55	0.01	0.56
	3	0.70	0.97	0.30	0.03	0.33
	4	0.87	0.91	0.13	0.09	0.22*
	5	0.96	0.79	0.04	0.21	0.25
19	0	0.01	1	0.99	0	0.99
	1	0.08	1	0.92	0	0.92
	2	0.24	1	0.76	0	0.76
	3	0.46	1	0.54	0	0.55
	4	0.67	0.99	0.33	0.01	0.34
	5	0.84	0.97	0.17	0.03	0.20
	6	0.93	0.92	0.07	0.08	0.15*
	7	0.98	0.82	0.02	0.18	0.20
28	5	0.50	1	0.50	0	0.50
	6	0.68	1	0.32	0	0.32
	7	0.81	0.99	0.19	0.01	0.20
	8	0.91	0.98	0.09	0.02	0.11
	9	0.96	0.96	0.04	0.04	0.08*
	10	0.99	0.90	0.01	0.10	0.11

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