Table 3 Achievement indices and standard errors of childhood malnutrition by maternal education, regions, ethnicity, type of residence, and sex of infant, Nigeria 2003

Maternal education

   No education

1.905

1.973 (0.031)

1.989 (0.047)

2.000 (0.062)

2.002 (0.069)

   Primary education

1.464

1.602 (0.033)

1.658 (0.053)

1.685 (0.071)

1.698 (0.074)

   Secondary or higher

0.904

1.083 (0.025)

1.164 (0.042)

1.219 (0.051)

1.261 (0.065)

Region

   North central

1.234

1.399 (0.037)

1.466 (0.051)

1.496 (0.063)

1.510 (0.075)

   North east

1.709

1.882 (0.041)

1.951 (0.067)

1.990 (0.086)

2.018 (0.103)

   North west

2.131

2.269 (0.037)

2.303 (0.062)

2.321 (0.074)

2.338 (0.083)

   South east

0.984

1.171 (0.039)

1.310 (0.060)

1.422 (0.079)

1.513 (0.097)

   South south

0.854

1.068 (0.046)

1.152 (0.077)

1.188 (0.100)

1.205 (0.124)

   South west

1.084

1.396 (0.042)

1.547 (0.073)

1.643 (0.102)

1.712 (0.115)

Type of residence

   Urban

1.214

1.433 (0.026)

1.538 (0.047)

1.610 (0.062)

1.667 (0.070)

   Rural

1.696

1.844 (0.030)

1.880 (0.046)

1.894 (0.057)

1.902 (0.064)

Ethnicity

   Hausa/Fulani

2.085

2.183 (0.031)

2.215 (0.043)

2.234 (0.062)

2.251 (0.070)

   Igbo

0.851

1.086 (0.032)

1.247 (0.051)

1.370 (0.061)

1.464 (0.079)

   Yoruba

1.135

1.387 (0.047)

1.505 (0.073)

1.587 (0.100)

1.655 (0.119)

   Others

1.309

1.521 (0.026)

1.597 (0.044)

1.637 (0.058)

1.665 (0.074)

Child's sex

   Male

1.570

1.799 (0.016)

1.884 (0.041)

1.926 (0.052)

1.950 (0.059)

   Female

1.453

1.668 (0.024)

1.740 (0.041)

1.771 (0.055)

1.787 (0.064)

Overall

1.512

1.734 (0.021)

1.813 (0.034)

1.850 (0.042)

1.869 (0.051)