Table 7 Estimated impact on health expenditure (in Vietnamese Dong, VND)
Cross-section 2004 | Panel 2002–2004 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Average for treated | Average for untreated | Difference in averages | % difference | Boot-strapped Std. Err. | P-value | Double differences/differences-in-differences (absolute) |
Real per capita annual household health expenditure in the 12-month recall period | 122.061 | 142.286 | -20.226 | -14% | 12.597 | 0.108 | -2.95 |
Real annual household health expenditure | 615.193 | 757.514 | -142.322 | -19% | 56.166 | 0.011 | -52.06 |
Real annual household expenditure on OP care | 215.971 | 230.841 | -14.870 | -6% | 25.490 | 0.560 | 55.07 |
Real annual household expenditure on IP care | 247.785 | 338.748 | -90.963 | -27% | 37.684 | 0.016 | -134.55 |
Real annual household expenditure on self-medication | 144.558 | 171.236 | -26.678 | -16% | 12.307 | 0.030 | 19.37 |
% of households with catastrophic health expenditure (20%) | 0.210 | 0.258 | -0.048 | -18% | 0.015 | 0.002 | -0.04 |
% of households with catastrophic health expenditure (40%) | 0.074 | 0.072 | 0.002 | 3% | 0.010 | 0.800 | 0.01 |