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Table 4 Results of the negative binomial model (considering random effects) with waiting time as dependent variable

From: Waiting times in the ambulatory sector - the case of chronically Ill patients

 

All areas

Urban areas

Rural areas

Dependent variable: waiting time

IRR

Standard errors

IRR

Standard errors

IRR

Standard errors

Need

         

Age 30 to 44

0.879

0.163

 

1.118

0.291

 

0.668

0.179

 

Age 45 to 59

0.864

0.149

 

0.930

0.228

 

0.762

0.187

 

Age 60 to 69

0.847

0.152

 

1.050

0.259

 

0.665

0.181

 

Age 70 to 79

0.796

0.145

 

0.941

0.241

 

0.647

0.175

 

Excellent health

1.285

0.254

 

1.356

0.362

 

1.371

0.411

 

Good health

1.155

0.204

 

1.422

0.339

 

0.995

0.267

 

Poor or very poor health

1.183

0.217

 

1.118

0.277

 

1.329

0.370

 

Hospitalisation within the last 12 months

0.927

0.085

 

1.057

0.133

 

0.834

0.112

 

Socioeconomic factors & gender

         

Lowest secondary school qualification

0.754

0.083

**

0.663

0.098

**

0.868

0.146

 

Intermediate secondary school qualification

0.849

0.088

 

0.724

0.103

**

1.002

0.158

 

Male

0.963

0.082

 

0.972

0.112

 

0.995

0.129

 

German citizenship

1.155

0.272

 

1.181

0.321

 

1.455

0.742

 

Patient time pressures

         

Employed

0.969

0.106

 

0.916

0.137

 

1.011

0.164

 

Health system

         

Privately insured

0.723

0.114

**

0.645

0.132

**

0.758

0.191

 

GP consultation

0.642

0.076

***

0.514

0.085

***

0.782

0.132

 

Privately insured * GP consultation

1.110

0.406

 

1.139

0.582

 

1.167

0.623

 

Driving time to the nearest doctor (in minutes)

1.112

0.027

***

1.078

0.038

**

1.152

0.041

***

Number of doctors per 100 000 population

1.001

0.006

 

0.996

0.010

 

1.008

0.009

 

Spill-over effect for neighbouring regions

1.005

0.161

 

1.000

0.361

 

1.000

0.180

 

Constant

0.203

0.163

**

0.211

0.139

**

0.076

0.061

***

Number of observations

1095

  

569

  

526

  

Number of districts

328

  

123

  

205

  

Log likelihood

−2871.1877

  

−1469.36

  

−1388.6

  
  1. * Significant at the 10% level ** Significant at the 5% level *** Significant at the 1% level.
  2. The reference individual is female, German aged 10 to 29 years, in very good health, has highest secondary school qualification, not employed and member of the statutory health insurance and last consulted a specialist.