Occupational hazards and work-related health problemsa | Â | Studies which showed gender differences in the prevalence | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | nb | %c | Higher prevalence of women than men | Higher prevalence of men than women |
Working conditions | Â | Â | Â | |
Demand-Control-Support | 12 | 40.0 | Â | Â |
  High demand and low control |  |  | ||
  High demand |  |  | ||
  Low control |  |  | Magnusson [34]Φd Li [36]*** Borrell [42]Φ Cortès [46]Φ Muhonen [47]* Karlqvist [49]* | Gadinger [25]* |
  Low support |  |  |  | Gadinger [25]*; Magnusson [34]Φd; Cortès [46]Φ; Muhonen [47]*; Bildt [48]Φd; Karlqvist [49]Φ |
Time spent in paid work | 5 | 16.7 | Â | Â |
  Long workhours |  |  |  | Artazcoz [35]***; Li [36]**; Lallukka [43]Φ; Bildt [48]Φd; Karlqvist [49]Φ |
Physically demanding work | 3 | 10.0 | Â | Â |
  High physically demanding work |  |  |  | |
Noise at work | 3 | 10.0 | Â | Â |
  High noise at work |  |  |  | |
Job insecurity | 2 | 6.7 | Â | Â |
  High job insecurity |  |  |  | |
Effort-Reward imbalance | 2 | 6.7 | Â | Â |
  Effort-reward imbalance |  |  |  | |
Employment conditions | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Type of contract | 5 | 16.7 | Â | Â |
  Permanent |  |  |  | |
  Temporary |  |  |  | |
  Temporary fixed term |  |  | Artazcoz [41]Φ |  |
  Temporary non-fixed term |  |  |  | Artazcoz [41]Φ |
  No contract |  |  |  | |
Job status | 4 | 13.3 | Â | Â |
  Supervisors |  |  |  | |
  Upper manager |  |  |  | |
  Middle manager |  |  | Ibrahim [51]Φ |  |
Employment status | 3 | 10.0 | Â | Â |
  Full-time |  |  |  | |
  Part-time |  |  |  | |
Shift work | 2 | 6.7 | Â | Â |
  Shift-work |  |  | Bildt [48]Φd | Cortès [46]Φ |
Work-related health problems | Â | Â | Â | |
Physical health | Â | Â | Â | |
Musculoskeletal symptoms | 7 | 23.3 | Â | Â |
  Any |  |  | Alterman [31]*; Kim [32]Φ; Muhonen [47]ψ; Karlqvist [49]*; Emslie [54]** |  |
  Low back |  |  |  | |
  Neck |  |  |  | |
  Upper extremity |  |  |  |  |
  Shoulder |  |  |  | |
  Arm-hand |  |  |  | |
  Wrist |  |  | de Zwart [50]** |  |
Self-perceived physical health | 3 | 10.0 | Â | Â |
  Self-perceived poor health |  |  |  | |
Respiratory symptoms | 2 | 6.7 | Â | Â |
  Respiratory symptoms |  |  | Alterman [31]* | Kim [32]Φ |
Mental health | Â | Â | Â | |
Self-perceived mental health | 5 | 16.7 | Â | Â |
  Poor mental health status |  |  |  | |
  Mental health disorder |  |  |  | |
Psychosomatic complaints | 2 | 6.7 | Â | Â |
  Psychosomatic complaints |  |  |  | |
Self-reported occupational stress | 2 | 6.7 | Â | Â |
  Self-reported occupational stress |  |  |  |