From: Race/Ethnicity, insurance, income and access to care: the influence of health status
 | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | No usual place of care | Unable to get medical care | Delayed medical care | Unable to get dental care | Unable to get mental health care | Unable to get prescription drug |
Self-perceived health status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Excellent/VG/Good (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Fair/Poor | 0.831 (0.433 1.595) | 1.43 (0.913 2.24) | 2.221*** (1.436 3.435) | 1.532 (0.949 2.473) | 0.728 (0.333 1.59) | 2.038** (1.284 3.235) |
Functional limitation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 0.537 (0.264 1.094) | 3.043*** (1.917 4.831) | 2.049*** (1.365 3.075) | 2.226** (1.366 3.625) | 4.371*** (2.395 7.977) | 3.08*** (1.933 4.91) |
No (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Race/Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
White (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Â | 1 |
African American | 0.709 (0.304 1.652) | 1.764* (1.027 3.03) | 0.822 (0.474 1.427) | 0.921 (0.515 1.647) | 0.897 (0.355 2.267) | 1.161 (0.659 2.048) |
Hispanic | 1.226 (0.666 2.254) | 1.308 (0.722 2.37) | 0.612 (0.351 1.067) | 1.26 (0.769 2.067) | 0.581 (0.302 1.119) | 0.917 (0.477 1.761) |
Asian/Other | 1.176 (0.462 2.99) | 1.334 (0.68 2.618) | 0.636 (0.331 1.224) | 1.145 (0.553 2.372) | 1.221 (0.422 3.532) | 0.676 (0.362 1.262) |
Insurance | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Uninsured | 14.151*** (7.161 27.963) | 7.934*** (4.796 13.125) | 8.319*** (4.843 14.29) | 5.996*** (3.415 10.526) | 5.35** (1.744 16.412) | 3.291*** (1.747 6.198) |
Medicaid | 3.411* (1.161 10.022) | 1.804 (0.811 4.012) | 1.402 (0.606 3.243) | 2.222* (1.007 4.906) | 2.708 (0.693 10.583) | 1.978 (0.875 4.473) |
Medicare | 1.058 (0.804 2.682) | 4.437*** (1.989 9.899) | 2.754* (1.185 6.399) | 2.058 (0.904 4.682) | 2.157 (0.702 6.632) | 2.002 (0.839 4.78) |
Private (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Income | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
<$20,000 | 0.537* (0.296 0.973) | 0.851 (0.541 1.34) | 1.103 (0.705 1.725) | 0.956 (0.572 1.597) | 1.113 (0.427 2.903) | 1.043 (0.605 1.799) |
$20,000-$34,999 (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
>=$35,000 | 0.916 (0.473 1.775) | 0.849 (0.485 1.488) | 0.987 (0.609 1.601) | 0.805 (0.498 1.299) | 1.474 (0.559 3.888) | 0.608 (0.341 1.083) |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
18-64 | 6.966* (1.189 40.797) | 1.576 (0.798 3.11) | 3.327** (1.617 6.845) | 1.521 (0.775 2.986) | 2.395 (0.962 5.964) | 2.502* (1.224 5.117) |
65+ (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 0.637 (0.375 1.081) | 1.235 (0.822 1.854) | 1.13 (0.794 1.608) | 1.076 (0.747 1.549) | 0.8 (0.45 1.424) | 1.137 (0.752 1.718) |
Male (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
High School or less | 1.137 (0.554 2.334) | 0.812 (0.462 1.425) | 0.853 (0.52 1.401) | 1.243 (0.753 2.053) | 1.037 (0.481 2.232) | 1.059 (0.61 1.838) |
High School Diploma/ GED (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Bachelor and Higher Degree | 1.419 (0.775 2.596) | 0.771 (0.465 1.279) | 0.825 (0.554 1.228) | 0.978 (0.639 1.498) | 0.734 (0.327 1.647) | 0.561* (0.346 0.911) |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Married (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Not Married | 1.774* (1.038 3.032) | 2.031*** (1.362 3.028) | 2.067*** (1.438 2.972) | 1.822** (1.249 2.659) | 2.443** (1.292 4.616) | 1.553* (1.028 2.346) |
Employment status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Employed (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Not Employed | 1.977* (1.087 3.596) | 0.69 (0.417 1.142) | 1.33 (0.815 2.171) | 0.694 (0.423 1.139) | 1.017 (0.513 2.016) | 0.946 (0.606 1.478) |
Region | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Northeast | 0.724 (0.35 1.5) | 0.787 (0.462 1.343) | 0.841 (0.521 1.358) | 0.556* (0.318 0.972) | 0.476 (0.207 1.095) | 0.603 (0.336 1.08) |
Midwest | 0.848 (0.396 1.816) | 1.003 (0.57 1.763) | 1.03 (0.651 1.63) | 0.873 (0.552 1.382) | 0.589 (0.275 1.262) | 0.543* (0.308 0.956) |
South (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
West | 1.141 (0.548 2.376) | 1.466 (0.839 2.561) | 2.101** (1.341 3.292) | 1.173 (0.718 1.917) | 0.499 (0.201 1.24) | 0.736 (0.45 1.206) |