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Table 1 Distribution of selected social structure, behavioral/attitudinal and psychosocial variables among women and man a

From: Gender differences in predictors of self-rated health in Armenia: a population-based study of an economy in transition

 

Women (%)

Men (%)

Self-rated health

n=2297

n=452

 Excellent, very good, good

38.2 (38.3)

40.3 (43.7)

 Fair, poor

61.8 (61.7)

59.7 (56.3)

Physical health

n=1839

n=401

 Severe health problems

33.4 (33.3)

29.2 (28.2)

 Moderate health problems

30.9 (30.9)

31.7 (30.1)

 No health problems

35.7 (35.8)

39.2 (41.7)

Depression**

n=1689

n=336

 Yes

41.7 (41.1)

29.8 (24.1)

 No

58.3 (58.9)

70.2 (75.9)

Weak social support

n=2027

n=411

 Yes

24.9 (24.1)

26.5 (24.6)

 No

75.1 (75.9)

73.5 (75.4)

Urban/rural residence

n=2310

n=462

 Urban

48.5 (65.2)

48.1 (64.3)

 Rural

51.5 (34.8)

51.9 (35.7)

Ethnicity

n=2277

n=458

 Armenian

98.6 (98.8)

98.9 (99.1)

 Other

1.4 (1.2)

1.1 (0.9)

Education*

n=2287

n=441

 Incomplete school (<10 years)

8.9 (7.5)

12.2 (8.4)

 School or upper secondary (10–13 years)

74.1 (68.6)

66.0 (63.0)

 University or higher

17.0 (23.9)

21.8 (28.6)

Employment**

n=2304

n=460

 Employed

15.1 (16.2)

54.6 (55.7)

 Unemployed

84.9 (83.8)

45.4 (44.3)

Poverty status

n=2310

n=462

 Severe poverty

25.8 (21.8)

26.2 (20.0)

 Moderate poverty

25.6 (23.9)

24.2 (25.8)

 No poverty

48.7 (54.3)

49.6 (54.2)

Low affordability of healthcare

n=2309

n=462

 Yes

13.1 (11.4)

13.4 (11.0)

 No

86.9 (88.6)

86.6 (89.0)

Current smoking**

n=2207

n=428

 Yes

1.7 (3.6)

60.7 (64.1)

 No

98.3 (96.4)

39.3 (35.9)

Ever smoking**

n=2214

n=433

 Yes

3.7 (6.9)

83.8 (90.4)

 No

96.3 (93.1)

16.2 (9.6)

Drinking alcohol**

n=2204

n=420

 Once a week or more

4.4 (3.7)

40.2 (39.3)

 Less than once a week

95.6 (96.3)

59.8 (60.7)

Binge drinking**

n=2220

n=430

 Ever experienced

2.8 (2.9)

27.2 (29.8)

 Never experienced

97.2 (97.1)

72.8 (70.2)

Attitude toward healthy lifestyle

n=2085

n=414

 Positive

52.7 (56.7)

47.8 (47.8)

 Indifferent/negative

47.3 (43.3)

52.2 (52.2)

  1. a Valid percentages among female and male population samples and weighted estimates for Armenia in parentheses.
  2. ** Significant difference between female and male respondents at p<0.01 level. * Significant difference between female and male respondents at p<0.05 level. n – number of valid responses.