Variable | Â | Expressed racial identity | Â | Â | Hypertension | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Asian | Black | South Asian | White | Other | yes | no |
Age | in years - n (sd) | 42.5(14.3) | 40.5(11.2) | 41.1(14.1) | 53.6(14.8) | 44.6(15.2) | 61.75(12.5) | 48.7(14.8) |
 |  | F = 35.24, df = 4,1539, p < 0.001 |  |  | F = 200.43, df = 1, 1542, p < 0.001 | |||
Gender | female n (%) | 50(71.4) | 37(78.7) | 31(45.6) | 817(66.9) | 84(61.3) | 196(19.2) | 823(80.8) |
 | male | 20(28.6) | 10(21.3) | 37(54.4) | 405(33.1) | 53(38.7) | 110(20.9) | 415(79.1) |
 |  | Chi - square = 18.68, df = 4, p < 0.01 |  |  | Chi - square = 0.64, df = 1, p > 0.10 | |||
Marital status | married or common law | 32(45.7) | 16(34.0) | 47(69.1) | 716(58.6) | 79(57.7) | 157(17.6) | 733(82.4) |
 | separated, divorced or widowed | 10(14.3) | 9(19.2) | 9(13.2) | 303(24.8) | 19(13.9) | 114(32.6) | 236(67.4) |
 | never been married | 28(40.0) | 22(46.8) | 12(17.7) | 203(16.6) | 39(28.5) | 35(11.5) | 269(88.5) |
 |  | Chi - square = 63.83, df = 8, p < 0.001 |  |  | Chi - square = 51.67, df = 2, p < 0.001 | |||
Immigrant status | born in Canada | 17(24.3) | 12(25.5) | 15(22.1) | 962(78.7) | 59(43.1) | 211(19.8) | 854(80.2) |
immigrated > 20 years ago | 23(32.9) | 24(51.1) | 21(30.9) | 213(17.4) | 40(29.2) | 81(25.2) | 240(74.8) | |
immigrated between 10 and 20 years ago | 16(22.9) | 6(12.8) | 15(22.1) | 22(1.8) | 21(15.3) | 8(10.0) | 72(90.0) | |
immigrated < 10 years ago | 14(20.0) | 5(10.6) | 17(25.0) | 25(2.1) | 17(12.4) | 6(7.7) | 72(92.3) | |
 |  | Chi - square = 388.20, df = 12, p < 0.001 |  |  | Chi - square = 17.99, df = 3, p < 0.001 | |||
City of residence | Toronto | 20(28.6) | 45(95.7) | 26(38.2) | 539(44.1) | 76(55.5) | 123(17.4) | 583(82.6) |
Vancouver | 50(71.4) | 2(4.3) | 42(61.8) | 683(55.9) | 61(44.5) | 183(21.8) | 655(78.2) | |
 |  | Chi - square = 63.76, df = 4, p < 0.001 |  |  | Chi - square = 4.70, df = 1, p < 0.05 | |||
Educational attainment | high school or less | 11(15.7) | 18(38.3) | 16(23.5) | 318(26.0) | 29(21.2) | 95(24.3) | 297(75.8) |
CC, TS or some university | 12(17.1) | 16(34.0) | 15(22.1) | 328(26.8) | 46(33.6) | 93(22.3) | 324(77.7) | |
bachelor’s degree | 35(50.0) | 12(25.5) | 21(30.9) | 343(28.1) | 42(30.7) | 76(16.8) | 377(83.2) | |
post - graduate degree | 12(17.1) | 1(2.1) | 16(23.5) | 233(19.1) | 20(14.6) | 42(14.9) | 240(85.1) | |
 |  | Chi - square = 33.56, df = 12, p < 0.01 |  |  | Chi - square = 13.37, df = 3, p < 0.01 | |||
Household income | less than $40,000 | 9(12.9) | 17(36.2) | 8(11.8) | 181(14.8) | 25(18.3) | 58(24.2) | 182(75.8) |
$40,000 - $59,999 | 15(21.4) | 6(12.8) | 10(14.7) | 144(11.8) | 12(8.8) | 41(21.9) | 146(78.1) | |
$60,000 - $79,999 | 8(11.4) | 6(12.8) | 8(11.8) | 158(12.9) | 22(16.1) | 33(16.3) | 169(83.7) | |
$80,000 - $99,000 | 7(10.0) | 3(6.4) | 10(14.7) | 128(10.5) | 13(9.5) | 26(16.2) | 135(83.9) | |
$100,000 - 149,999 | 8(11.4) | 5(10.6) | 8(11.8) | 216(17.1) | 15(11.0) | 50(19.8) | 202(80.2) | |
$150,000 or more | 4(5.7) | 1(2.1) | 8(11.8) | 217(17.8) | 15(11.0) | 43(17.6) | 202(78.6) | |
missing | 19(27.1) | 9(19.2) | 16(23.5) | 178(14.6) | 35(25.6) | 55(21.4) | 202(78.6) | |
 |  | Chi -square = 63.69, df = 24, p < 0.001 |  |  | Chi - square = 7.48, df = 6, p > 0.10 | |||
Major discrimination | no experiences | 37(52.9) | 14(29.8) | 30(44.1) | 534(43.7) | 45(32.9) | 130(19.7) | 530(80.3) |
one experience | 19(27.1) | 7(14.9) | 15(22.1) | 315(25.8) | 39(28.5) | 85(21.5) | 310(78.5) | |
two experiences | 7(10.0) | 9(19.2) | 9(13.2) | 177(14.5) | 20(14.6) | 44(19.8) | 178(80.2) | |
three or more experiences | 2(2.9) | 10(21.3) | 10(14.7) | 149(12.2) | 22(16.1) | 37(19.2) | 156(80.8) | |
missing | 5(7.1) | 7(14.9) | 4(5.9) | 47(3.9) | 11(8.0) | 10(13.5) | 64(86.5) | |
 |  | Chi - square = 37.77, df = 16, p < 0.01 |  |  | Chi - square = 2.63, df = 4, p > 0.10 | |||
Racial/ethnic major discriminatory experiences | no experiences | 51(72.9) | 21(44.7) | 43(63.2) | 1113(91.1) | 95(69.3) | 274(20.7) | 1049(79.3) |
one experience | 9(12.9) | 12(25.5) | 13(19.1) | 57(4.7) | 21(15.3) | 16(14.3) | 96(85.7) | |
two or more experiences | 5(7.1) | 7(14.9) | 8(11.8) | 5(0.4) | 10(7.3) | 6(17.1) | 29(82.9) | |
missing | 4(7.1) | 7(14.9) | 4(5.9) | 47(3.9) | 11(8.0) | 10(13.5) | 64(86.5) | |
 |  | Chi - square = 202.10, df = 12, p < 0.001 |  |  | Chi - square = 4.83, df = 3, p > 0.10 | |||
Routine discrimination index | 0 | 14(20.0) | 2(4.3) | 13(19.1) | 316(25.9) | 29(21.2) | 79(21.1) | 295(78.9) |
1 or 2 | 18(25.7) | 6(12.8) | 24(35.3) | 368(30.1) | 28(20.4) | 97(21.9) | 347(78.2) | |
3 or 4 | 10(14.3) | 11(23.4) | 7(10.3) | 233(19.1) | 17(12.4) | 56(20.1) | 222(79.9) | |
5 or greater | 22(31.4) | 24(51.1) | 21(30.9) | 278(22.8) | 49(35.8) | 58(14.7) | 336(85.3) | |
 | missing | 6(8.6) | 4(8.5) | 3(4.4) | 27(2.2) | 14(10.2) | 16(29.6) | 38(70.4) |
 |  | Chi - square = 82.29, df = 20, p < 0.001 |  |  | Chi - square = 11.28, df = 4, p < 0.05 | |||
Daily stress | not stressful | 10(14.3) | 8(17.0) | 16(23.5) | 201(16.5) | 25(18.3) | 65(25.0) | 195(75.0) |
 | a bit stressful | 44(62.9) | 26(55.3) | 35(51.5) | 626(51.2) | 73(53.3) | 148(18.4) | 656(81.6) |
 | quite or extremely stressful | 16(22.9) | 13(27.7) | 17(25.0) | 395(32.3) | 39(28.5) | 93(19.4) | 387(80.6) |
 |  | Chi - square = 7.64, df = 8, p > 0.10 |  |  | Chi - square = 5.46, df = 2, p > 0.05 |