Socio-economic factors associated with infant mortality in Italy: an ecological study

Table 3 Stepwise multiple linear regression model on infant mortality rates across Italian regions

	Step 1
	Coef. (95% CI)	p-value
Gini coefficient	0.03 (−0.10, 0.16)	0.661
Mean household income	−0.04 (−0.16, 0.09)	0.547
Unemployment rate	0.14 (−0.02, 0.30)	0.075
Proportion of women with ≥ 8 years of education	0.07 (−0.03, 0.16)	0.143
	Step 2
	Coef. (95% CI)	p-value
Gini coefficient	–	–
Mean household income	−0.04 (−0.15, –0.08)	0.519
Unemployment rate	0.16 (0.02, 0.29)	0.027
Proportion of women with ≥ 8 years of education	0.08 (−0.01, 0.16)	0.068
	Step 3
	Coef. (95% CI)	p-value
Gini coefficient	–	–
Mean household income	–	–
Unemployment rate	0.19 (0.13, 0.26)	<0.001
Proportion of women with ≥ 8 years of education	0.07 (−0.01, 0.14)	0.076
	Step 4
	Coef. (95% CI)	p-value
Gini coefficient	–	–
Mean household income	–	–
Unemployment rate	0.15 (0.10, 0.20)	<0.001
Proportion of women with ≥ 8 years of education	–	–

Notes. Step 1: R² = 0.76; F-test (p-value) = 12.01 (<0.001). Step 2: R² = 0.76; F-test (p-value) = 16.78 (<0.001). Step 3: R² = 0.75; F-test (p-value) = 25.81 (<0.001). Step 4: R² = 0.68; F-test (p-value) = 42.05 (<0.001).

ISSN: 1475-9276