From: Income and economic exclusion: do they measure the same concept?
Model 0 | Model 1 | Model 2a | Model 3a | Model 2b | Model 3b | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual | Income | Household | Income | |||
Fixed effects | Individual level | |||||
Age | ||||||
25-34 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
35-44 | 1.36 [0.71-2.60] | 1.42 [0.75-2.71] | 1.47 [0.77-2.82] | 1.29 [0.67-2.49] | 1.36 [0.71-2.62] | |
45-54 | 1.56 [0.82-2.97] | 1.54 [0.82-2.89] | 1.69 [0.89-3.21] | 1.49 [0.78-2.85] | 1.62 [0.85-3.09] | |
55-64 | 1.31 [0.67-2.59] | 1.23 [0.63-2.41] | 1.49 [0.75-2.95] | 1.18 [0.59-2.33] | 1.39 [0.70-2.76] | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 1.17 [0.80-1.71] | 1.50 [1.00-2.22] | 1.40 [0.93-2.08] | 1.18 [0.80-1.73] | 1.17 [0.80-1.71] | |
Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Immigration status | ||||||
Immigrant | 0.95 [0.54-1.66] | 0.78 [0.44-1.38] | 0.81 [0.46-1.45] | 0.78 [0.44-1.41] | 0.85 [0.47-1.51] | |
Non immigrant | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Marital Status | ||||||
Single | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Couple | 0.83 [0.45-1.52] | 0.65 [0.36-1.16] | 0.80 [0.44-1.46] | 0.84 [0.45-1.57] | 0.94 [0.51-1.75] | |
Divorced/Separated | 0.54 [0.25-1.15] | 0.66 [0.32-1.38] | 0.56 [0.26-1.19] | 0.57 [0.27-1.22] | 0.52 [0.24-1.12] | |
Widowed | 1.13 [0.30-4.28] | 1.27 [0.34-4.76] | 1.26 [0.33-4.74] | 1.07 [0.28-4.15] | 1.12 [0.29-4.25] | |
Education | ||||||
Less than HS | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
High school | 1.07 [0.62-1.82] | 1.17 [0.68-2.00] | 1.19 [0.69-2.03] | 1.20 [0.69-2.08] | 1.18 [0.68-2.02] | |
More than HS | 0.50 [0.30-0.83] | 0.58 [0.35-0.97] | 0.61 [0.36-1.01] | 0.54 [0.32-0.91] | 0.56 [0.33-0.93] | |
Employment | ||||||
Employed | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Unemployed | 0.69 [0.23-2.05] | 0.67 [0.23-1.96] | 0.60 [0.20-1.77] | 0.71 [0.24-2.13] | 0.65 [0.22-1.94] | |
OLF | 2.26 [1.44-3.57] | 1.93 [1.21-3.09] | 1.70 [1.06-2.73] | 2.28 [1.43-3.63] | 2.01 [1.27-3.20] | |
Individual Income | 0.46 [0.32-0.66] | 0.55 [0.39-0.80] | ||||
Fixed effects | Household level | |||||
Household income | 0.49 [0.34-0.70] | 0.65 [0.45-0.95] | ||||
Index of exclusion | 1.66 [1.35-2.05] | 1.53 [1.24-1.87] | 1.51 [1.22-1.88] | |||
Random effects | ||||||
Variance (Std. Err.) | 1.367 (0.680) | 0.640 (0.600) | 0.658 (0.580) | 0.586 (0.574) | 0.824 (0.632) | 0.653 (0.603) |
MOR | 3, 05 | 2, 14 | 2, 17 | 2, 08 | 2, 38 | 2, 16 |