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Table 3 Empirical Results - Absolute and Relative β-Convergence

From: Health status convergence at the local level: empirical evidence from Austria

Dependent variable

Change SMR

Change SMR Males

Change SMR Females

Change Gender Gap

Method

Absolute β

Relative β

Absolute β

Relative β

Absolute β

Relative β

Absolute β

Relative β

β-Coefficient

-0.517*** (0.016)

-0.552*** (0.017)

-0.493*** (0.018)

-0.617*** (0.019)

-0.610*** (0.017)

-0.589*** (0.017)

-0.792*** (0.018)

-0.868*** (0.018)

Education, average

 

-0.242*** (0.018)

 

-0.259*** (0.016)

 

-0.220*** (0.027)

 

-0.707*** (0.049)

Social attachments

 

-0.065*** (0.005)

 

-0.067*** (0.006)

 

-0.061*** (0.007)

 

-0.172*** (0.014)

Foreigners, share

 

-0.004*** (0.001)

 

-0.006*** (0.001)

 

-0.004*** (0.001)

 

-0.012*** (0.003)

Participation rate, share

 

-0.002*** (0.001)

 

-0.008*** (0.001)

 

-0.001 (0.001)

 

-0.009*** (0.002)

Commuters

 

0.002*** (0.000)

 

0.002*** (0.000)

 

0.001*** (0.000)

 

0.004*** (0.001)

Genetic 1

 

-0.035*** (0.006)

 

-0.020*** (0.007)

 

-0.046*** (0.008)

 

0.020 (0.017)

Genetic 2

 

-0.030*** (0.006)

 

-0.016** (0.007)

 

-0.039*** (0.008)

 

0.035** (0.017)

Genetic 3

 

-0.033*** (0.010)

 

0.004 (0.010)

 

-0.059*** (0.013)

 

0.111*** (0.026)

Genetic 4

 

-0.037*** (0.010)

 

-0.021* (0.011)

 

-0.047*** (0.013)

 

0.012 (0.027)

Constant

3.204*** (0.114)

3.962*** (0.131)

3.169*** (0.130)

4.970*** (0.178)

3.696*** (0.115)

3.917*** (0.123)

4.588*** (0.110)

6.575*** (0.182)

N

2381

2381

2381

2381

2381

2381

2324

2324

R 2

0.297

0.395

0.239

0.347

0.350

0.423

0.467

0.530

  1. Notes: The first value reports regression Coefficients, standard errors are reported in parentheses. *, **, *** denote 10%, 5% and 1% significance levels. Regressions are weighted by community size (population). For the variables „Education, average" and „Participation rate, share" gender-specific values were used for gender-specific mortality convergence. The four categories for genetic structures are dummy variables following the study by [46], where the region III (North and East of Lower Austria, Vienna, Burgenland) is the reference region.